Macro-Micronutrient Intake and Nutritional Status among School-age Children: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Primary Schools in Kediri City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56303/jian.v1i2.1604Keywords:
Individual double burden of malnutrition, Nutrition, Nutritional status, Nutrient intake, School-age childrenAbstract
School-age children represent a critical phase for physical development, cognitive growth, and bone mineralization, a period that is frequently overlooked in nutritional research compared to early childhood. This study aims to map macro- and micronutrient intakes and their relationship with nutritional status among primary school children in Kediri City to establish a foundation for nutritional education interventions. This cross-sectional study involved 80 subjects selected via purposive sampling across two primary schools. Data were gathered through subject characteristic questionnaires, 24-hour dietary recalls conducted over two days (representing weekdays and weekends), and direct anthropometric measurements to determine nutritional status. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the Chi-square test to examine relationships between variables. This study reveals striking paradox of the phenomenon of individual double burden of malnutrition in school-aged children in Kediri City. More than a half of children categories as abnormal (51.2%) dominate with obesity (68.3%) and overweight (29.3%). Paradoxically, almost all of the macronutrient suboptimal, micronutrient deficient, and showed no significant association with the children's anthropometric status within the children’s. This relationship presents a potential scenario where overnutrition occurs but consumption is inadequate. Associations were found only between nutritional status and protein intake (p = 0.029) where significantly associated with a child's physical profile during this development period. Integrated nutritional education interventions are urgently required to improve dietary consumption patterns and ensure children achieve their optimal growth potential before reaching adulthood.
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