Journal of Community Nutrition Intervention

The Relationship Between Dietary Adherence and Random Blood Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Malinau Regional General Hospital, North Kalimantan

2026-03-16T02:26:34+00:00

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. It is a leading cause of microvascular and macrovascular complications, including blindness, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease. Records from Malinau Regional General Hospital in North Kalimantan documented 2,300 cases, a 23% increase from 2022 to 2024. One key strategy in T2DM management is dietary intervention, which plays a critical role in maintaining stable blood glucose levels. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary adherence and random blood glucose levels among patients with T2DM at Malinau Regional General Hospital. An analytical cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 34 outpatients with T2DM selected by convenience sampling. As accidental sampling is a form of convenience sampling, it inherently introduces selection bias, which serves as a limitation of this study. Dietary adherence was assessed using a questionnaire based on the MMAS-8 and the 2021 PERKENI guidelines. Random blood glucose levels were categorized as normal (< 200 mg/dL) or high (\ge 200 mg/dL). The results showed that patients who adhered to dietary recommendations were more likely to have normal random blood glucose levels (p < 0.001), indicating a significant association between dietary adherence and glycemic control.

Effectiveness of the Elsimil Program Supported by Family Assistance Teams on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Nutritional Expectations Among Prospective Brides: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2026-03-16T02:24:04+00:00

The Elsimil application (Electronic Ready for Marriage and Pregnancy) was developed as a screening, education, and assistance tool for prospective brides. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the Elsimil application combined with support from the Family Assistance Team (Tim Pendamping Keluarga/TPK) on nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and expectations among prospective brides in Palu City. This study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a non-randomized control group and a pretest–posttest design. The sample size was calculated using the formula for testing differences between two proportions, yielding a total of 54 respondents. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 27) and a control group (n = 27). Baseline data revealed significant differences in age and education level, with the control group being older and more highly educated. The intervention group received education through the Elsimil application, accompanied by TPK support, while the control group received conventional nutrition education using a booklet. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test and were supplemented with consideration of baseline confounders. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of nutritional knowledge (p = 0.162), attitudes (p = 0.340), or nutritional expectations (p = 0.330). While the Elsimil application provides a digital platform for education, technical barriers and baseline demographic imbalances, particularly in education levels, significantly influenced the outcomes. Improvements in user interface design, offline accessibility, and targeted facilitator training are needed to enhance the application's effectiveness compared to traditional media.

The Effect of Emotional Demonstration on Maternal Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Infant and Young Child Feeding in Samarinda, Indonesia

2026-03-16T02:24:50+00:00

Nutritional problems among children under five, particularly stunting, remain a major public health challenge in East Kalimantan, especially in Samarinda. Findings from a preliminary study indicated that one contributing factor is the low level of maternal knowledge and attitudes regarding Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF). This study aimed to analyze the effect of IYCF education using the Emotional Demonstration (Emo-Demo) method on the knowledge and attitudes of mothers with children under five in the service area of Mangkupalas Primary Health Center. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group approach. A total of 34 mothers of children under five were recruited and divided equally into a control group (Booklet PINTAR, n = 17) and an intervention group (Emo-Demo, n = 17). Data on knowledge and attitudes were collected using structured questionnaires. Despite the observed improvements, it is important to note that significant sociodemographic disparities existed at baseline between the two groups, particularly regarding maternal education and household income. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon test to assess within-group changes and the Mann–Whitney test for between-group comparisons. The results showed a significant improvement in both knowledge and attitudes in the two groups; however, greater changes were observed in the intervention group. Education using the Emo-Demo method significantly increased maternal knowledge (p = 0.000) and attitudes (p = 0.001). Overall, the Emo-Demo method appeared more effective than printed media, although these findings must be interpreted with caution due to the baseline inequalities.

Examination Stress and OSCE Performance in Basic Clinical Skills: A Study Among Medical Students

2026-03-16T02:25:23+00:00

The prevalence of stress among medical students has been reported to be 31.7% across six universities in Sudan and 58% at Andalas University. Academic stress is known to affect students’ performance, including failure in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). This study aimed to examine the relationship between examination-related stress levels and OSCE passing outcomes in the Basic Clinical Skills (KKD) module among students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. This study employed an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The study participants were third- and fourth-year medical students, totaling 92. Examination stress levels were measured using the Westside Anxiety Test Scale, while OSCE passing status was obtained from secondary academic records. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test. The most commonly reported level of examination stress was moderate (47.6%), followed by severe (37.0%) and mild (16.3%). The highest failure rate was observed in the BCS-OSCE 3 (23.9%), followed by BCS-OSCE 2 (10.9%) and BCS-OSCE 1 (7.6%). Bivariate analysis showed no significant association between examination stress levels and OSCE KKD passing status. Similarly, no significant relationship was found between daily study duration and OSCE passing outcomes.

The Relationship Between Maternal Self-Efficacy and Feeding Patterns and the Incidence of Wasting among Children Under Five at the Penfui Community Health Center

2026-03-16T02:26:03+00:00

Wasting remains a serious public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in East Nusa Tenggara Province. Maternal factors, such as self-efficacy (confidence in one’s own abilities) and feeding practices, are believed to play a crucial role in determining young children's nutritional status. This study aimed to analyze the relationships among maternal self-efficacy, feeding patterns, and the incidence of wasting among children under five in the working area of the Penfui Community Health Center. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total of 56 children were selected using simple random sampling. Maternal self-efficacy and feeding patterns were assessed using structured questionnaires, and wasting status was determined from anthropometric measurements using the weight-for-height index (WH). Data were analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed a statistically significant association between maternal self-efficacy and the incidence of wasting (p < 0.05). The association between feeding patterns and wasting could not be statistically analyzed because the sample was entirely homogenous, with all respondents reporting appropriate feeding practices. In conclusion, maternal self-efficacy is an important factor associated with wasting among children under five. Therefore, nutrition interventions should emphasize strengthening maternal capacity and confidence in implementing appropriate child-feeding behaviors.